Aerosol delivery of muramyl dipeptide to rodent lungs
نویسندگان
چکیده
منابع مشابه
Muramyl dipeptide
T robust expression of microbial pattern recognition receptors such as TLR4 and Nod2 in intestinal stem cells reflects an active communication dynamic between the host and the gut microbiota. A new study reveals that muramyl dipeptide, the bacterial cell wall peptidoglycan motif, activates Nod2 within crypt base columnar Lgr5positive stem cells and promotes their survival. Apart from the immedi...
متن کاملMuramyl dipeptide-induced adjuvant arthritis.
Muramyl dipeptide, N-acetylmuramyl-L-alanyl-D-isoglutamine, induced adjuvant arthritis in WKA rats when injected in a water-in-oil emulsion prepared with Freund incomplete adjuvant (Difco), but not when emulsified with Drackeol and Arlacel A.
متن کاملDegradation of muramyl dipeptide by mammalian serum.
Muramyl dipeptide, N-acetylmuramyl-L-alanine-D-isoglutamine (MDP), is the minimal biologically active subunit of bacterial peptidoglycan and elicits an acute inflammation in vivo. We now report that MDP is degraded by normal rat serum into its constituents, N-acetylmuramic acid and L-alanine-D- isoglutamine. The dipeptide is further degraded into its components L-alanine and D-isoglutamine. The...
متن کاملCentral pyrogenic activity of muramyl dipeptide
Fever can be elicited in the rabbit by the intravenous administration of relatively large doses of a synthetic immunoadjuvant, N-acetylmuramyl-L-alanyl-D-isoglutamine, or muramyl dipeptide (MDP). This response could be mediated by endogenous pyrogen because MDP has been shown to induce their production both in vivo and in vitro. The results reported here show that intracisternal injection of mi...
متن کاملOptimized aerosol delivery to a mechanically ventilated rodent.
BACKGROUND Aerosol delivery through an endotracheal tube during mechanical ventilation of small animals, simulating neonates and small infants, has shown to be influenced by a variety of factors including aerosol generator type, droplet/particle size, ventilator circuitry and ventilation regime. A review of the literature indicates that reported aerosol deposition rates in rodents are quite low...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: AAPS PharmSci
سال: 2000
ISSN: 1522-1059
DOI: 10.1208/ps020325